Stabilization of maiduguri black cotton soils of nigeria. Geoelectrical surveys for groundwater in kagna river subbasin, pargi mandal, ranga reddy district, a. Though black cotton soil plays a vital role in agriculture but it is posing many difficulties in. Black soil holds more moisture and available for a long time. Bc soil and california bearing ratio cbr of bc soil. Although its typically thought of as a crop thats grown commercially, home gardeners can cultivate cotton too. Black cotton definition of black cotton by merriamwebster. The black cotton soil is not appropriate for foundation jobs because,due to the black cotton soils physical characteristics it expands and compresses a lot according to the moisture contents in the soil itself and thats why this soil has no permanent physical stability. The results show that there was a increase in maximum dry density of black cotton soil from 1.
Plastic limit of black cotton soil was increased by 9. Black cotton soil black cotton soil is the soil which exhibits swelling. Jul 01, 2018 the following precautions are generally adopted while building structures on black cotton soil 1. Unconfined compressive strength california bearing ratio test cbr test is carried out on black cotton soil sample with different percentages of lime. Monochrome colors or vibrant colors like pink, red, green give classic touch to walls or whole decor of black bedroom.
Handbook on preparation of black cotton soil subgrade using steel slag. It is not necessary to paint the whole room in black color. The black colour in black cotton soil bc soil is due to the presence of titanium oxide in small concentration. Laboratory investigations show that this soil consists of abundant proportions of montmorillonite and generally poses a major problem for civil engineering construction due to high volume changes. A study on engineering behavior of black cotton soil and. Engineering properties of black cotton soil biology essay.
It has characteristics of swelling during rains and shrinking during summer. The lake chad basin is an extensive quaternary lacustrine deposit of black clay soils. Mr mburu notes that while you can easily build on red soil which requires minimum excavation while setting up the foundation, black cotton soil. Basically the black cotton soil has finegrained clay particles which cause a massive change in volume with change in moisture conditions, i. Alternative soils or aggregates suitable for base construction are very difficult to obtain in these localities. Black cotton soils are a worldwide problem that poses several challenges for civil engineers. This presentation contains information about soil bearing capacity sbc and case on black cotton soil of hublidharwad region study performed by me slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with. Engineering properties of black cotton soil modified with fly. Building on black cotton soil is a tricky affair, admits mr daniel mburu, the ceo of fingerprint capital, a building and construction firm that specialises in putting up budget homes for kenyans. The area is essentially covered by lateritic, red sandy and black cotton soils, of which black cotton soil is more predominant and is of insitu type. In order to achieve the above objective, the black cotton soil has been arbitrarily mixed with. Cracking when dry and swelling when wet makes them difficult to manage, unless they are cultivated at appropriate soil moisture levels. Foundations in black cotton soils the construction civil. The present work aims at determines the optimum percentage of sand and cement addition to the black cotton soil in improving the strength.
This work involves stabilization of black cotton soils from northeastern nigeria with sodium silicate. The soil from the area is collected after removing the hard top soil of depth about 70 to 100 mm. Simonson 1954 mentioned black soil is called regur soil due to its enrichment in soil nutrients. Black cotton soil treated with 50gm of ccs the loadpenetration curve for black cotton soil treated with 25gm ccs is given in fig 4. The property of volumetric changes with the change of atmospheric conditions makes black cotton soil. Black cotton soils also called regur soils are generally clayey, deep and impermeable. Cracks can happen due to foundation movements and settlements of building, thermal movements, chemical reactions, elastic.
Black cotton soil treated with 75gm of ccs the loadpenetration curve for black cotton soil treated fig 5. It is classified as blackish gray inorganic clayey soil of. After that the effect of sawdust as stabilizer on black cotton soil contaminated with 10% castor oil is observed. In civil engineering aspects black cotton soil is giving hazardous problems to engineers. Soil bearing capacity and case study of black cotton soil.
Pdf geotechnical investigation of black cotton soils. Stabilization occurs when lime is added to black cotton soil and a pozzolanic reaction takes place. Problems of black soil disadvantages of black soil. One dimensional consolidation studies on compacted black cotton soil treated with up to 16% rice husk ash. The object of the work is to study the performance of crumb rubber powder and cement with the black cotton soil. Black cotton soil article about black cotton soil by the. Take a look at black bedroom ideas offer by gharexpert for more inspiring and bedroom ideas. Study of geotechnical properties of black cotton soil. Chavhan india the biggest handicap is to provide a complete abstractstabilization of black cotton soil bc soil is studied. A black cotton soil procured from nagpur was collected from an open excavation, at a depth of 1 knm. Civil engineering structures experience large scale damage due to change in properties of soil. Foundations in black cotton soil, civil engineering.
This alternate process of swelling and shrinking results in the differential settlement of foundation which in turn causes cracks in building. Black cotton soils always pose challenge to geotechnical engineers. The hydrated lime reacts with the clay particles and permanently. Apart from this black cotton soil should be removed from the sides of the foundation and filled with gravel and sand. Comparison of brick made from black cotton soil with.
As such black cotton soil bc soil has very low bearing capacity and high swelling and shrinkage characteristics. Baseline is marked on the ground either from centre line of the road or. This can be classified as clay of high compressibility ch as per is classification. Property value 1 ph value 7alkaline 2 organic content 0. Please note all black cotton soil is not expansive and all expansive soil is not black. The percentage of lime used in black cotton soil varied from 3% to. Hence black cotton soil is also known as expansive soil. The soil sample was collected by open excavation, from a depth of one meter below natural ground level leaving the surface soil. Jan 09, 2016 black cotton soil, a cohesive soil, is considered a problematic soil for civil engineers. Study of black cotton soil characteristics with cement waste dust and lime article pdf available in procedia engineering 51. Removal of black cotton soil and filling with granular material. Black cotton soils are tropical expansive clay deposits which are particularly troublesome due to their high swelling and shrinkage potentials. Abstract black cotton soils are predominantly available in india.
Black cotton definition is a soil formed in the deccan region of india by the disintegration of a black lava. Soil physical studies were carried out in the black cotton soil areas of the betwa basin, central india, to assess their role in partitioning monsoon rainfall into. Mr mburus colleague at fingerprint capital, quantity surveyor bede mwangi, says when building on land with black cotton soil, the soil is usually excavated, and this means additional costs to the home builder. Quality assessment for stabilization of black cotton soil. Materials and methods black cotton soil was collected from gulbarga, in karnataka state. Hence foundation in black cotton soil need special care. Pdf study of black cotton soil characteristics with. The soils are fine grained contain high proportion of calcium and magnesium carbonates. Black cotton soil deposits in india are a boon to farmers but are problematic to civil engineers. Black cotton soil bcs is a type of highly expansive soils that are widely discovered in tropical areas, e. The effect of lime stabilization on properties of black cotton soil nadgouda, k. Black cotton soils and other expansive soils are dangerous due to their shrinkage and swelling characteristics. Table 1 shows the geotechnical properties of this soil. Effects of acids on geotechnical properties of black cotton soil.
Foundations in black cotton soil civil engineering. Effect of lime and fly ash on engineering properties of black cotton. At the liquid limit, the volume change is of the order of 200 to 300% and results in swelling pressure as high as 8 kgcm 2 to 10 kgcm 2. Experimental investigation on physical properties of black cotton. The soil from the area is collected after removing the hard topsoil of depth about 70 to 100 mm. Chemical compositions of black cotton soil are listed in table2 below table 2. Numan is located at latitude 9o2910n and longitude 12o 0236e of the nigerian geographical map. Stabilisation of black cotton soil using admixtures pankaj r. Engineering properties of black cotton soil modified with.
Black cotton soil, a cohesive soil, is considered a problematic soil for civil engineers. Loadpenetration curve of black cotton soil treated with 50gm of ccs f. The following methods are generally adopted to meet the characteristics of foundations in black cotton soils, 1 foundation loads are limited to 5 tonnessq. Agriculture remains the most important economic activity of the district. Black cotton soil from indore madhya pradesh which is predominantly composed of montmorillonite contained 045% organic matter. The quality of black cotton soil can be improved by stabilizing it with lime. Oct 30, 2017 black cotton soils and other expansive soils are dangerous due to their shrinkage and swelling characteristics. Civil engineering structures experience large scale damage due. Expansive soil under study was collected dried and pulverized into the required sizes and tested for properties like gradation,compaction, strength as per is2720 and the results are shown in table1 and fig1 table.
These are alluvial soils, desert sands, red earth and black cotton bc soils. Alternative soils or aggregates suitable for base construction are very difficult to obtain in these. Quality assessment for stabilization of black cotton soil by. So in this present work, the black soil collected from chintakommadinne mandal has been stabilized by using sand and cement. Expansive soils are the soils which expand when the moisture content of the soils is increased. Pdf design of pile foundation in black cotton soil. The following precautions are generally adopted while building structures on black cotton soil 1. Loose fine sand, soft silt, black cotton soil and expensive clays should be avoided for foundation. Comparison of brick made from black cotton soil with various. The black cotton soil is collected from the new railway station site of bypass road, near hiremangalure village, chikmaglore. Most of the area in the central region covered with the black cotton soil. Search for solutions to problems in black cotton soils. The effect of lime stabilization on properties of black.
Building on black cotton soil is a tricky affair, admits mr daniel mburu, the ceo of fingerprint capital, a building and construction firm that specialises in putting up budget homes for. In addition to this, these soils have very poor bearing capacity, ranging from 5 tm2 to 10 tm2. Ntroduction he black cotton soils possess low strength and undergo excessive volume changes, making their properties of the black cotton soils may be altered in many ways viz. Pdf stabilization of black cotton soil by admixtures. Oct 02, 2015 ucs value with ch type of soil earlier is 1. Practical problems of highway construction in black cotton. Besides advantages of black soil, there are some disadvantages or problems of black soil. Improvement of bearing capacity of black cotton soil using. Cotton gossypium barbadense grows especially well and matures early in sandy loam soils or loamy sand soils. The foundation in black cotton soilexpansive soil mystery. Stabilisation of black cotton soils using fly ash, hubballi. Quality assessment for stabilization of black cotton soil by using.
Jul 17, 2017 for the best cottonseed germination, the soil should have an average soil temperature of 86 degrees fahrenheit at a depth of 8 inches. Pdf study of black cotton soil characteristics with cement. In the present scenario soil stabilization has become a vital term in the field of geotechnical engineering due to the construction of heavy structures such as high rise buildings, large dams, underground structures etc. Study of geotechnical properties of black cotton soil contaminated.
Apart from this black cotton soil should be removed from the sides of the foundation and filled with sand and gravel. Mar 14, 2018 building on black cotton soil is a tricky affair, admits mr daniel mburu, the ceo of fingerprint capital, a building and construction firm that specialises in putting up budget homes for. The black cotton soil for the study is collected from anantapur district andhra pradesh state. These soils expand and become sticky during rainy season and contract during the dry season causing deep cracks into the soil. The black cotton soils pose many problems in construction. Swelling suppression of black cotton soil by means of liquid. Very few researches are on brick made up from black cotton soil among the world, though black cotton soil is easily available in indian context. Black cotton soil is not suitable for foundation because. Soil moisture investigations of groundwater recharge through black. Study notes on black cotton soil building engineering.
Chanuhan rajiv and et al 2009 has studies the strength improvement of soil treated with lime and flyash mix for durability criteria. The locally available black cotton soil due to its high shrinkage and swelling characteristics is selected in the present study. When these type of soil come in contact with water, they swell and when becomes dry, it shrinks. The location of pile tip should be decided upon based on soil profile. The depth at which the black cotton soil is existing and its thickness can be ascertained by observation of cracks in the soil. Foundations on black cotton soil civil engineering community. The collection of the sample was done through disturbed sampling.
Stabilisation of black cotton soils, fly ash, hubballidharwad municipal corporation, karnataka, india. Black cotton soil was collected from gulbarga, in karnataka state. The possibility of good construction sites to build structures on black cotton soils is difficult due to their poor strength and deformation characteristics. Stabilization of maiduguri black cotton soils of nigeria with. Black cotton soil samples were collected from three locations within the studied area and their natural geotechnical properties determined in the laboratory. It is classified as blackish gray inorganic clayey soil of medium plasticity. The basic objectives of study of black cotton soil are as following. The dark colour of black cotton soils springerlink. The failures of structure are mostly due to the failure of foundations. Nov 25, 2014 this presentation contains information about soil bearing capacity sbc and case on black cotton soil of hublidharwad region study performed by me slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Chavhan india the biggest handicap is to provide a complete abstractstabilization of black cotton soil bc soil is studied by using lime and fly ash. Stabilization of black cotton soil using salts and their.
Analysis of engineering properties of black cotton soil. This is an expansive soil with a liquid limit of 80. Full text of a study on stabilization of black cotton. Though black cotton soil plays a vital role in agriculture but it is posing many difficulties in civil engineering aspect. If unavoidable the building shall rest either on a rigid raft foundation.
It is important to contact a quantity surveyor before building on black cotton soil. The soils are with more cation exchange capacity 4060 m. Black bedrooms are known for its bold and glamorous look. Full text of a study on stabilization of black cotton soil. Effects of acids on geotechnical properties of black. In india, about 20% of the soil cover is comprises of expansive soils also commonly known as black cotton soil. Treatment with 10% sodium hexametaphosphate at boiling point or with h2o2 at 80 c. These black cotton soils in india are a boon to farmers but problematic to civil engineers. The black cotton soil is found in major portion of maharashtra, west m. Therefore foundation in black cotton soil needs special care. Black cotton soil bears undesirable engineering properties like variation in volume with change in water content.